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7. Charles Wolfram, Modern Legal Ethics (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co., 1986), 528 at note 21.
8. Sarah Marter and Herbert Weisberg, "Medical Expenses and the Massachusetts Automobile Tort Reform Law: A First Review of 1989 Bodily Injury Liability Claims," Journal of Insurance Regulation 10, no. 4 (Summer 1992): 488.
9. Insurance Research Council, Automobile Claims in Hawaii (Oakbrook, IL, 1991), 26.
10. The proposal by Horowitz and O'Connell is more fully described in a series of three articles using cost estimates prepared by RAND. See: O'Connell et al., "The Comparative Costs of Allowing Consumer Choice for Auto Insurance in All Fifty States," Maryland Law Review, forthcoming, 1996; O'Connell et al., "The Costs of Consumer Choice for Auto Insurance in States without No-Fault Insurance," Maryland Law Review 54, no. 2 (1995): 281-351; and O'Connell et al. (1993).
11. Economic damages are defined differently in each state, but generally refer to direct measurable losses such as medical expenses, lost wages and income, funeral expenses, legal costs, and property damage.
12. The term "pain and suffering" is loosely used to refer to all non-economic damages, such as stress, emotional pain, and other psychic damages.
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